متن رایگان مقاله را از ifreepaper.blogfa.com دانلود نمایید. Abstract—Recent development in electronics and wireless communicationshas enabled the improvement of low-power and lowcostwireless sensors networks. Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)are a combination of autonomous devices transmitting locallygathered information to a so-called sink node by using multihopwireless routing. One of the most important challenges inWSNs is to design energy efficient routing mechanism to increasethe network lifetime due to the limited energy capacity of thenetwork nodes. Furthermore, hot spots in a WSNs emerge aslocations under heavy traffic load. Nodes in such areas quicklydrain energy resources, leading to disconnection in networkservices. Cluster based routing algorithms in WSNs have recentlygained increased interest, and energy efficiency is of particularinterest. A cluster head (CH) represents all nodes in the clusterand collects data values from them. To balance the energyconsumption and the ...
پاورپوینت